Currently there is a dichotomy in American's attitude towards firearms. Usually the greater the population density of residence the greater the anti-gun attitudes. This attitude difference is rooted in history and moulded by realism.
American gun culture was a product of the frontier mentality of being self sufficient and feeling empowered with the ability to fend off overreaching powers. Some have stayed in that mentality. For many constitutionalists (pro unrestricted ownership), the firearm represents the ability to overthrow their government (preserving political power) not just a sporting tool. I think pro gun attitudes in America was a default position.
Fast-forward to the current era, there is a dichotomy to where Americans live and this greatly shapes attitudes towards the firearm. Those living in urban centers are attune with the dangers of firearms being in the wrong hands. A mid-large American city has more gun crime than all of Canada. Many Americans living in major cities fear the gun for two main reasons:
1. Plenty of people use fire arms to rob, kill, and commit other crimes
2. They are unaccustomed to the notion of the gun due to living in urban areas for generations (2+) absent of the gun
Those living in less densely populated areas see these problems and propose the solution of "only way to stop a bad guy with a gun is a good guy with the gun", with many citing the example of Texas and how there is lower crime. Their solutions to those in cities is to own guns and practice often. I think this is a downward spiralling feedback loop due to the nature of major urban centers. Major American cities are usually competitive and are structurally designed to produce stratification, gentrification, and if managed poorly, poverty (leading to life crime) as compared to less populated areas. The combination of close proximity to victims, poverty, tendency for crime and firearms is a volatile mix. For many living in urban areas, it is clear the firearm exacerbates the consequences of crime and increases violent deaths, this along with the disregard towards the notion of owning firearms creates an anti-gun attitude.
The pro-gun camp has a romantic and often religious fervor towards their right to bear arms and fear policies of gun control in major cities will spill over to the periphery.
I think gun control in major cities will reduce violent crimes and deaths but not necessarily reduce overall crime. The problem with this idea is implementation. Where do you draw boundaries and how do you defend that boundary from arms smugglers? An incomplete gun control policy leaves only the criminal with guns and a necessity for greater state presence, which often cannot be provided adequately or in time. Implementation has to be complete or nearly complete to be effective.
The fact of the matter is that America is the most armed country in the world, there are more guns than there are Americans. The feasibility of removing firearms is very questionable. For some, guns are a way of life and deaths resulting from gun crime is merely a premium payment for an insurance policy. I don't think it is realistic to assume Americans will change their attitudes towards guns and implement a nation wide gun confiscation like in Australia. The trend I see for urban centers is increased segregation and city within city/bunker/safehouse mentality and urban design. This is pushed by increasing wealth/income inequality, rising unemployment, and decreased work place participation rate. For less densely populated areas, the leaning is towards a doubling down on the gun culture. For the interior, the gun is increasingly becoming the vanguard of the status quo that is the idea of America they love and cherish, the once "Great America" that they want to make great again and they see themselves in a political struggle against the "coastal elites" which they feel are overpowering them demographically. The politics of the gun is their leverage against the the opposition in this national political struggle and will keep them politically relevant for as long as they possess the gun.
Dense cities are structurally designed to not be suitable for guns, creating policies to reduce them while the interior sees the gun as their equaliser in the political struggle against the "liberal elites" demographic encroachment. The divide will remain and likely to deepen.
"Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun" - Mao Zedong