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India and Pakistan have long jostled for control of the Kashmir region
along the border of their two countries. That jostling has also led to
religious violence, which drove many Hindus out of Kashmir. But now
India is encouraging them to come back.
Mughal emperors called the Kashmir Valley a paradise on earth.
But the northern, India-administered region sits next to Pakistan, and it
has long been claimed by both countries.
That has led to a lot of strife. On both sides.
For centuries, upper-caste Hindus, known as Kashmiri Pandits, lived
alongside the regions majority Muslim community. They shared traditions
of food and poetry, even certain holy sites. They visited each others homes
and celebrated each others marriages.
But in 1989, Islamic militants began an insurgency against the Indian
government. The Pandits were easy targets. Anti-Hindu rhetoric was
broadcast at weekly prayers; dozens were murdered.
Virtually overnight, some 400,000 Pandits fled, mainly to the Hindu-
dominated town of Jammu, a precarious seven-hour drive away. In most
cases they simply locked their houses and left, imagining theyd return in a
few weeks or months.
But years passed and the violence never let up.
Early government efforts to bring the Pandits back were met with often-
violent resistance. But now, the Indian government is trying again.
In the last three years, attacks in Kashmir have been infrequent; tourism is
booming. Chief Minister Omar Abdullah of the state of Jammu and Kashmir
said this is the time to put things right for the Pandits.
They left because their sense of security was taken away from them,"
Abdullah said. I believe they will only really come back when that sense
of security is restored and thats what were aiming to do.
In 2008, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, with the Kashmiri
administration, announced that 6,000 coveted government jobs in the
valley would be made available to young Pandit migrants. Since 2010,
nearly 1,500 of those posts have been filled by men and women who were
born here, but who have only vague memories of this place.
Among them is Anil Saproo, a Pandit in his late 20s.
Every Kashmiri Pandit is missing our motherland. Every Kashmiri Pandit,
he said.
Saproo was 6 when his family left for the city of Jammu. Like many
returnees, he has mixed emotions about being back in Kashmir. Saproos
father was shot and killed by Islamic militants.
I will not forget that time. Time and day. This was the saddest day of my
life. And my mothers, too, he said.
Saproo has been given a government teaching job at a small village school
on the outskirts of Srinagar. He is the schools only Pandit instructor; all
the students are Muslim.
The school stands less than 10 miles from where Saproos father was
gunned down.
Despite painful memories and a fear of renewed violence, young Pandits
like Saproo are eager to take advantage of the prime ministers package.
Most held private sector jobs before they returned to the valley. But in
Indian Kashmir, government work brings an almost unheard of stability
fixed hours, generous holidays, retirement benefits and job security.
These advantages are particularly meaningful to the members of a
community that lost everything.
But it isnt easy to be back. The Kashmiri government puts the migrants up
in dormitories, sometimes assigning half a dozen people to one apartment.
The nearby houses where they were born sit vacant and decayed. And
almost all the returnees have left their families behind in Jammu, a real
city, with quality schools and a nightlife.
Still, Saproo and the others feel a profound connection to Kashmir, to the
lakes and snowy mountains of their childhoods.
We feel both are our homes, he said. We are born here; it is our
motherland. We are growing there; that is our motherland. Both places are
good and both places are good for me.
Saproo was born in a five-story house surrounded by orchards. He lives
now in a single room in a Pandit temple complex. But hes grateful even
for that to be among Kashmiri Hindus, in a place of prayer.
India trying to get Hindus to move back to contested Kashmir | PRI.ORG
along the border of their two countries. That jostling has also led to
religious violence, which drove many Hindus out of Kashmir. But now
India is encouraging them to come back.
Mughal emperors called the Kashmir Valley a paradise on earth.
But the northern, India-administered region sits next to Pakistan, and it
has long been claimed by both countries.
That has led to a lot of strife. On both sides.
For centuries, upper-caste Hindus, known as Kashmiri Pandits, lived
alongside the regions majority Muslim community. They shared traditions
of food and poetry, even certain holy sites. They visited each others homes
and celebrated each others marriages.
But in 1989, Islamic militants began an insurgency against the Indian
government. The Pandits were easy targets. Anti-Hindu rhetoric was
broadcast at weekly prayers; dozens were murdered.
Virtually overnight, some 400,000 Pandits fled, mainly to the Hindu-
dominated town of Jammu, a precarious seven-hour drive away. In most
cases they simply locked their houses and left, imagining theyd return in a
few weeks or months.
But years passed and the violence never let up.
Early government efforts to bring the Pandits back were met with often-
violent resistance. But now, the Indian government is trying again.
In the last three years, attacks in Kashmir have been infrequent; tourism is
booming. Chief Minister Omar Abdullah of the state of Jammu and Kashmir
said this is the time to put things right for the Pandits.
They left because their sense of security was taken away from them,"
Abdullah said. I believe they will only really come back when that sense
of security is restored and thats what were aiming to do.
In 2008, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, with the Kashmiri
administration, announced that 6,000 coveted government jobs in the
valley would be made available to young Pandit migrants. Since 2010,
nearly 1,500 of those posts have been filled by men and women who were
born here, but who have only vague memories of this place.
Among them is Anil Saproo, a Pandit in his late 20s.
Every Kashmiri Pandit is missing our motherland. Every Kashmiri Pandit,
he said.
Saproo was 6 when his family left for the city of Jammu. Like many
returnees, he has mixed emotions about being back in Kashmir. Saproos
father was shot and killed by Islamic militants.
I will not forget that time. Time and day. This was the saddest day of my
life. And my mothers, too, he said.
Saproo has been given a government teaching job at a small village school
on the outskirts of Srinagar. He is the schools only Pandit instructor; all
the students are Muslim.
The school stands less than 10 miles from where Saproos father was
gunned down.
Despite painful memories and a fear of renewed violence, young Pandits
like Saproo are eager to take advantage of the prime ministers package.
Most held private sector jobs before they returned to the valley. But in
Indian Kashmir, government work brings an almost unheard of stability
fixed hours, generous holidays, retirement benefits and job security.
These advantages are particularly meaningful to the members of a
community that lost everything.
But it isnt easy to be back. The Kashmiri government puts the migrants up
in dormitories, sometimes assigning half a dozen people to one apartment.
The nearby houses where they were born sit vacant and decayed. And
almost all the returnees have left their families behind in Jammu, a real
city, with quality schools and a nightlife.
Still, Saproo and the others feel a profound connection to Kashmir, to the
lakes and snowy mountains of their childhoods.
We feel both are our homes, he said. We are born here; it is our
motherland. We are growing there; that is our motherland. Both places are
good and both places are good for me.
Saproo was born in a five-story house surrounded by orchards. He lives
now in a single room in a Pandit temple complex. But hes grateful even
for that to be among Kashmiri Hindus, in a place of prayer.
India trying to get Hindus to move back to contested Kashmir | PRI.ORG
