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HI! This is comparative analysis thread for FGFA and J-XX
J-XX [1] (or J-X), [1][2] XXJ[1] and F-XX are names applied by Western intelligence sources to describe a programme or programmes by the People's Republic of China to develop one or more new fourth- or fifth-generation fighter aircraft.
History
In 2002, Jane's Defence Weekly reported that Shenyang Aircraft Corporation had been selected to head research and development of the new fighter,[2] a claim repeated in New Scientist the same week.[3] However, a 2006 article in Military Technology referred to three designs; Shenyang J-12 and Shenyang J-14 by Shenyang Aircraft Corporation and Chengdu J-13 by Chengdu Aircraft Corporation.[1].
According to the report from Jane's, development of the subsystems, including the engine and weapon suite for the next generation fighter, has been under way for some time. A photograph of a wind tunnel model published with the article showed a twin-engine aircraft with twin vertical tail fins. The article text mentioned that the aircraft would carry its weapons internally like the F-22 Raptor. New Scientist called attention to the angular, faceted features of the design, comparing them to the F-117 Nighthawk. Jane's also linked the programme with China's development of an engine with thrust vectoring capability.
The later report in Military Technology featured a picture of a completely different design, speculatively dubbed J-14 and said to be a Shenyang project, with the designations J-12 and J-13 being applied to (possibly competing) designs by Shenyang and Chengdu respectively.
The U.S. Department of Defense expects China to have a handful of fifth generation fighters in service between 2020 and 2025, according to statements made by U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates in July 2009.[4]
According to the PLA's Deputy Commander He Weirong (何为荣
, the Chinese fifth generation fighter is expected to be in service with the PLAAF by 2020. [5] [6]
In November 2009 it was confirmed by Ho Weirong, deputy commander of the Chinese air force, that "intense" research and development work on the fifth generation stealth fighter was ongoing. Being developed by Chengdu Aircraft Corporation and Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, the aircraft has not yet been given a designation but is expected to be unveiled within the next 10 years and would enter service by 2020.[7] Another source quotes Weirong as saying the aircraft would enter service within 8 to 10 years, giving possible in-service dates of 2017 to 2019.[8]
Design
The general design concept of the J-XX is that of a fifth generation fighter which incorporates stealth, supercruise, super-manoeuvrability and short take-off capabilities, abbreviated "4S".[9] One or more of the proposed designs are believed to incorporate several design features for increasing stealth and manoeuvrability while decreasing weight and drag.
A V-shaped pelikan tail could be implemented, replacing conventional vertical tail fins and horizontal stabiliser structures. This would be beneficial for reduction of radar signature, weight and aerodynamic drag, since control surface area and corresponding control mechanisms are reduced. Problems faced by this type of design are flight control system complexity and control surface loading. If the pelikan tail is adopted, use of engines with thrust vector control may alleviate these problems.[10]
The new fighter may have a significantly longer fuselage than other fifth generation fighter designs such as the F-22, for reduction of transonic and supersonic drag.[11] A trapezoidal wing may be implemented for reduction of drag and radar signature.[12] Use of an 's'-shaped air inlet and boundary layer separation system would greatly reduce radar signature.[13]
Updates
According to latest reports on the development, China is soon expected to test the J-XX. The new fighter is currently under development, says Gen. He Weirong, deputy air force chief. [It] may soon undertake its first flight, quickly enter flight testing and then quickly equip the forces.According to the current situation, [the entry into service] may take another eight to 10 years, he adds.[[14]]
FGFAThe Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) is a fifth-generation fighter which is being developed by Russia and India. It is a derivative project from the PAK FA (T-50 is the prototype) being developed for the Indian Air Force (FGFA is the official designation for the Indian version). The program is initiated to develop a fifth generation fighter aircraft to fill a role similar to that of Lockheed Martin's F-22 Raptor and the F-35 Lightning II, the world's first fifth-generation fighter jets.
According to HAL chairman A.K. Baweja shortly after the India-Russia Inter-Governmental Committee meeting on 18 September 2008, the Russian aircraft will be a single-seater, the Indian FGFA will be a twin seater, analogous to the Su-30MKI which is a twin seat variant of the baseline Su-30. Two separate prototypes with minimum common technology will be developed, one by Russia (designated the Sukhoi T-50) and a separate one by India (designated FGFA).[4]
he joint-venture borrows heavily from the success of the Brahmos project. Russia and India had agreed in early 2007 to jointly study and develop a Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft Programme(FGFA).[5][6] On October 27, 2007, Asia Times quoted Sukhoi's director, Mikhail Pogosyan, "We [India and Russia] will share the funding, engineering and intellectual property [of the new project] in a 50-50 proportion."[7] The Indian version, according to the deal, will be different from the Russian version and specific to Indian requirements[8]. While the Russian version will be a single-pilot fighter, the Indian variant will have a twin-seat configuration based on its operational doctrine which calls for greater radius of combat operations. The wings and control surfaces need to be reworked for the FGFA.[9] Although, development work has yet to begin, the Russian side has expressed optimism that a test article will be ready for its maiden flight by 2009, one year after PAK FA scheduled maiden flight and induction into service by 2015.[10]
According to HAL chairman A.K. Baweja on 16 September 2008, HAL will be contributing largely to composites, cockpits and avionics. HAL is working to enter into a joint development mechanism with Russia for the evolution of the FGFA engine as an upward derivative of the AL-37.By February 2009 as per Sukhoi general director Mikhail Pogosyan India will initially get the same PAK FA fighter of Russia and the only difference will be the software. The first prototype was expected to rolled out by August 2009.[11] Xinhua quoted an Indian defense official in August 2009 saying that India will get its first stealth fighter aircraft by the end of 2009.[12]
[edit]Difference between PAK FA and FGFA
The difference between PAK FA and the FGFA will be similar to that between Su-30MK and Su-30MKI[citation needed]. Su-30MK is the commercial version of the Russian Su-30M, whereas the Su-30MKI (MKI stands for "Modernizirovannyi Kommercheskiy Indiski" meaning "Modernized Commercial India".) jointly-developed with India's Hindustan Aeronautics Limited for the Indian Air Force. Includes Thrust Vectoring Control (TVC) and canards. Equipped with a multi-national avionics complex sourced from India, Israel, Russia and France[13]. The PAK FA and the FGFA will be having minimum of common technology. Further the FGFA will be predominantly using weapons of Indian origin such as Astra, a Beyond Visual Range missile being developed by India, although in keeping with the Russian BVR doctrine of using a vast variety of different missiles for versatility and unpredictability to countermeasures, can be expected to have compatibility with many different missile loadouts. The Indian FGFA is significantly different from the Russian PAK FA because a second pilot means the addition of another dimension, development of wings and control surfaces.[14]
[edit]Design
Although there is no reliable information about the PAK FA and FGFA specifications yet, it is known from interviews with people in the Russian Air Force that it will be stealthy, have the ability to supercruise, be outfitted with the next generation of air-to-air, air-to-surface, and air-to-ship missiles, and incorporate an AESA radar. The FGFA will use on her first flights 2 Saturn 117S engines (about 14.5 ton thrust each). The 117S is an advanced version of the AL-31F, but built with the experience gained in the AL-41F program. The AL-41F powered the Mikoyan MFI fighter (Mikoyan Project 1.44). Later versions of the PAK FA will use a completely new engine (17.5 ton thrust each), developed by NPO Saturn or FGUP MMPP Salyut.
[edit]Specifications (PAK FA and FGFA - projected)
This aircraft article is missing some (or all) of its specifications. If you have a source, you can help Wikipedia by adding them.
Data from Warfare.ru[15]
General characteristics
Crew: 1 and 2 (pilot)
Length: 22.0 m (72 ft 2 in)
Wingspan: 14.2 m (46 ft 7 in)
Height: 6.05 m (19 ft 10 in)
Wing area: 78.8 m² (848 ft²)
Empty weight: 18,500 kg (40,786 lb)
Loaded weight: 26,000 kg (57,320 lb)
Useful load: 7,500 kg (16,535 lb)
Max takeoff weight: 37,000 kg (81,571 lb)
Powerplant: 2× Saturn-Lyulka AL-41F turbofan
Dry thrust: 96.1 kN (9,800 kgf, 21,605 lbf) each
Thrust with afterburner: 152 kN (15,500 kgf, 34,172 lbf) each
Performance
Maximum speed: Mach 2+ at altitude (2450+ km/h, 1,500+ mph)
g-limits: (9 g)
Cruise speed: 1,300 km/h (807.8 mph)
Ferry range: 4,000 to 5,500 km (2,485 to 3,418 mi)
Service ceiling: 20,000 m (65,617 ft)
Rate of climb: 350 m/s (68,898 ft/min)
Wing loading: 470 kg/m² (96.3 lb/ft²)
Thrust/weight: 0.84 (dry thrust)
Minimum thrust/weight:
With afterburner: 1.19
Runway length requirement: 350 m (1,148 ft)
Endurance: 3.3 hrs (198 mins)
Armament
Guns: 2× 30 mm internal cannon
Hardpoints: 8 total, 4 on each side of the aircraft.
Avionics
Radar: N050(?)BRLS AESA/PESA Radar (Enhancement of IRBIS-E) on SU-35
Frequency: 3 mm (0.118 in)
Diameter: 0.7 m (2 ft 4 in)
Targets: 32 tracked, 8 engaged
Range: 400 km (248 mi)
EPR: 3 m² (32.3 ft²) at 160 km (99.4 mi)
RCS: 0.01 m² at 90 km (55 mi)
Azimuth: +/-70°, +90/-50°
Power: 4,000 W
Weight: 65 to 80 kg (143 to 176 lb)
J-XX [1] (or J-X), [1][2] XXJ[1] and F-XX are names applied by Western intelligence sources to describe a programme or programmes by the People's Republic of China to develop one or more new fourth- or fifth-generation fighter aircraft.
History
In 2002, Jane's Defence Weekly reported that Shenyang Aircraft Corporation had been selected to head research and development of the new fighter,[2] a claim repeated in New Scientist the same week.[3] However, a 2006 article in Military Technology referred to three designs; Shenyang J-12 and Shenyang J-14 by Shenyang Aircraft Corporation and Chengdu J-13 by Chengdu Aircraft Corporation.[1].
According to the report from Jane's, development of the subsystems, including the engine and weapon suite for the next generation fighter, has been under way for some time. A photograph of a wind tunnel model published with the article showed a twin-engine aircraft with twin vertical tail fins. The article text mentioned that the aircraft would carry its weapons internally like the F-22 Raptor. New Scientist called attention to the angular, faceted features of the design, comparing them to the F-117 Nighthawk. Jane's also linked the programme with China's development of an engine with thrust vectoring capability.
The later report in Military Technology featured a picture of a completely different design, speculatively dubbed J-14 and said to be a Shenyang project, with the designations J-12 and J-13 being applied to (possibly competing) designs by Shenyang and Chengdu respectively.
The U.S. Department of Defense expects China to have a handful of fifth generation fighters in service between 2020 and 2025, according to statements made by U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates in July 2009.[4]
According to the PLA's Deputy Commander He Weirong (何为荣
, the Chinese fifth generation fighter is expected to be in service with the PLAAF by 2020. [5] [6]In November 2009 it was confirmed by Ho Weirong, deputy commander of the Chinese air force, that "intense" research and development work on the fifth generation stealth fighter was ongoing. Being developed by Chengdu Aircraft Corporation and Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, the aircraft has not yet been given a designation but is expected to be unveiled within the next 10 years and would enter service by 2020.[7] Another source quotes Weirong as saying the aircraft would enter service within 8 to 10 years, giving possible in-service dates of 2017 to 2019.[8]
Design
The general design concept of the J-XX is that of a fifth generation fighter which incorporates stealth, supercruise, super-manoeuvrability and short take-off capabilities, abbreviated "4S".[9] One or more of the proposed designs are believed to incorporate several design features for increasing stealth and manoeuvrability while decreasing weight and drag.
A V-shaped pelikan tail could be implemented, replacing conventional vertical tail fins and horizontal stabiliser structures. This would be beneficial for reduction of radar signature, weight and aerodynamic drag, since control surface area and corresponding control mechanisms are reduced. Problems faced by this type of design are flight control system complexity and control surface loading. If the pelikan tail is adopted, use of engines with thrust vector control may alleviate these problems.[10]
The new fighter may have a significantly longer fuselage than other fifth generation fighter designs such as the F-22, for reduction of transonic and supersonic drag.[11] A trapezoidal wing may be implemented for reduction of drag and radar signature.[12] Use of an 's'-shaped air inlet and boundary layer separation system would greatly reduce radar signature.[13]
Updates
According to latest reports on the development, China is soon expected to test the J-XX. The new fighter is currently under development, says Gen. He Weirong, deputy air force chief. [It] may soon undertake its first flight, quickly enter flight testing and then quickly equip the forces.According to the current situation, [the entry into service] may take another eight to 10 years, he adds.[[14]]
FGFAThe Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) is a fifth-generation fighter which is being developed by Russia and India. It is a derivative project from the PAK FA (T-50 is the prototype) being developed for the Indian Air Force (FGFA is the official designation for the Indian version). The program is initiated to develop a fifth generation fighter aircraft to fill a role similar to that of Lockheed Martin's F-22 Raptor and the F-35 Lightning II, the world's first fifth-generation fighter jets.
According to HAL chairman A.K. Baweja shortly after the India-Russia Inter-Governmental Committee meeting on 18 September 2008, the Russian aircraft will be a single-seater, the Indian FGFA will be a twin seater, analogous to the Su-30MKI which is a twin seat variant of the baseline Su-30. Two separate prototypes with minimum common technology will be developed, one by Russia (designated the Sukhoi T-50) and a separate one by India (designated FGFA).[4]
he joint-venture borrows heavily from the success of the Brahmos project. Russia and India had agreed in early 2007 to jointly study and develop a Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft Programme(FGFA).[5][6] On October 27, 2007, Asia Times quoted Sukhoi's director, Mikhail Pogosyan, "We [India and Russia] will share the funding, engineering and intellectual property [of the new project] in a 50-50 proportion."[7] The Indian version, according to the deal, will be different from the Russian version and specific to Indian requirements[8]. While the Russian version will be a single-pilot fighter, the Indian variant will have a twin-seat configuration based on its operational doctrine which calls for greater radius of combat operations. The wings and control surfaces need to be reworked for the FGFA.[9] Although, development work has yet to begin, the Russian side has expressed optimism that a test article will be ready for its maiden flight by 2009, one year after PAK FA scheduled maiden flight and induction into service by 2015.[10]
According to HAL chairman A.K. Baweja on 16 September 2008, HAL will be contributing largely to composites, cockpits and avionics. HAL is working to enter into a joint development mechanism with Russia for the evolution of the FGFA engine as an upward derivative of the AL-37.By February 2009 as per Sukhoi general director Mikhail Pogosyan India will initially get the same PAK FA fighter of Russia and the only difference will be the software. The first prototype was expected to rolled out by August 2009.[11] Xinhua quoted an Indian defense official in August 2009 saying that India will get its first stealth fighter aircraft by the end of 2009.[12]
[edit]Difference between PAK FA and FGFA
The difference between PAK FA and the FGFA will be similar to that between Su-30MK and Su-30MKI[citation needed]. Su-30MK is the commercial version of the Russian Su-30M, whereas the Su-30MKI (MKI stands for "Modernizirovannyi Kommercheskiy Indiski" meaning "Modernized Commercial India".) jointly-developed with India's Hindustan Aeronautics Limited for the Indian Air Force. Includes Thrust Vectoring Control (TVC) and canards. Equipped with a multi-national avionics complex sourced from India, Israel, Russia and France[13]. The PAK FA and the FGFA will be having minimum of common technology. Further the FGFA will be predominantly using weapons of Indian origin such as Astra, a Beyond Visual Range missile being developed by India, although in keeping with the Russian BVR doctrine of using a vast variety of different missiles for versatility and unpredictability to countermeasures, can be expected to have compatibility with many different missile loadouts. The Indian FGFA is significantly different from the Russian PAK FA because a second pilot means the addition of another dimension, development of wings and control surfaces.[14]
[edit]Design
Although there is no reliable information about the PAK FA and FGFA specifications yet, it is known from interviews with people in the Russian Air Force that it will be stealthy, have the ability to supercruise, be outfitted with the next generation of air-to-air, air-to-surface, and air-to-ship missiles, and incorporate an AESA radar. The FGFA will use on her first flights 2 Saturn 117S engines (about 14.5 ton thrust each). The 117S is an advanced version of the AL-31F, but built with the experience gained in the AL-41F program. The AL-41F powered the Mikoyan MFI fighter (Mikoyan Project 1.44). Later versions of the PAK FA will use a completely new engine (17.5 ton thrust each), developed by NPO Saturn or FGUP MMPP Salyut.
[edit]Specifications (PAK FA and FGFA - projected)
This aircraft article is missing some (or all) of its specifications. If you have a source, you can help Wikipedia by adding them.
Data from Warfare.ru[15]
General characteristics
Crew: 1 and 2 (pilot)
Length: 22.0 m (72 ft 2 in)
Wingspan: 14.2 m (46 ft 7 in)
Height: 6.05 m (19 ft 10 in)
Wing area: 78.8 m² (848 ft²)
Empty weight: 18,500 kg (40,786 lb)
Loaded weight: 26,000 kg (57,320 lb)
Useful load: 7,500 kg (16,535 lb)
Max takeoff weight: 37,000 kg (81,571 lb)
Powerplant: 2× Saturn-Lyulka AL-41F turbofan
Dry thrust: 96.1 kN (9,800 kgf, 21,605 lbf) each
Thrust with afterburner: 152 kN (15,500 kgf, 34,172 lbf) each
Performance
Maximum speed: Mach 2+ at altitude (2450+ km/h, 1,500+ mph)
g-limits: (9 g)
Cruise speed: 1,300 km/h (807.8 mph)
Ferry range: 4,000 to 5,500 km (2,485 to 3,418 mi)
Service ceiling: 20,000 m (65,617 ft)
Rate of climb: 350 m/s (68,898 ft/min)
Wing loading: 470 kg/m² (96.3 lb/ft²)
Thrust/weight: 0.84 (dry thrust)
Minimum thrust/weight:
With afterburner: 1.19
Runway length requirement: 350 m (1,148 ft)
Endurance: 3.3 hrs (198 mins)
Armament
Guns: 2× 30 mm internal cannon
Hardpoints: 8 total, 4 on each side of the aircraft.
Avionics
Radar: N050(?)BRLS AESA/PESA Radar (Enhancement of IRBIS-E) on SU-35
Frequency: 3 mm (0.118 in)
Diameter: 0.7 m (2 ft 4 in)
Targets: 32 tracked, 8 engaged
Range: 400 km (248 mi)
EPR: 3 m² (32.3 ft²) at 160 km (99.4 mi)
RCS: 0.01 m² at 90 km (55 mi)
Azimuth: +/-70°, +90/-50°
Power: 4,000 W
Weight: 65 to 80 kg (143 to 176 lb)
