khair_ctg
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if you were talking about families who were uprooted to move to Karachi or to India, it was definitely fear of death, receiving threats and pessimism about their society now taken over by Bengali extremists. it was a hell like atmosphere towards the end of the 1971 crisis and after it. Bengali extremist mobs were not very kind to whoever simply 'looked' or 'sounded' outside their definition of Bengali or a pro-Bengali nationalist, and so a potential "collaborator". and this included many who just belonged to the ulama class. unable to fit the mold of a society now run by "xenophobic narrow ethno-linguistic 'Bengali' nationalism" (as author Sharmila Bose put it), many many Bengalis and non-Bengalis needed certain compromise. that came in the form of migrating to former West Pakistan and India, or even by giving up Urdu language. that is partly how an entire society got coerced into the disease known as Bengali nationalismWhy did those intellectuals simply run away? Fear of death? It is true that many were slain by God knows who. And many would be threatened if they ever returned.